are more suited to higher rainfall and longer season environments. Andrew Storrie, Agronomo agronomist says growers need to look for the Archilles Heel of hard to kill weeds like sowthistle, flaxleaf fleabane and feathertop Rhodes grass. 1952 - 62. The effect of grass species on animal performance. No matter the project, our international sales team is happy to provide you with a quick quote for bulk seeds delivered anywhere in the world! Scotts Lawn Builder 1.3kg Seed & Feed Sun & Shade Lawn Seed. Rhodes grass. Leaves: Leaf blades are hairless except at the base near the stem, and usually of the order of 30 40cm long and 3 5mm wide, tapering to a point. Soil treatment, plant species and management effects on improved pastures on a solodic soil in the semi arid subtropics. Seasonal waterlogging over 30 cm kills the plant (FAO, 2014). Husb., 25 (2): 380-391, Schlink, A. C. ; Lindsay, J. In a comparison of temperate and tropical forages,Chloris gayanawas found to have an NDF content similar to that of Cenchrus ciliaris,but much higher than that of temperate forage species such as fescue, ryegrass, white clover and alfalfa. Would you consider donating? Scotts Lawn Builder 1kg Tough Custom Grass Seed. It has an attractive blue-green color which can turn slightly purple in the Queensland Winter. It was recommended to allow for 30 to 50% of refusals, depending on maturity, so that the animals could select the most digestible parts. Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana). None of the treatments had positive effects on the in vivo nutritive value or storage quality of young Chloris gayana silage (Chaudhry et al., 2001). Compare. Apply a weedkiller when seed heads begin to form and repeat applications for any regrowth. Germination Time:5 - 7days, under optimal conditions Feathertop Rhodes grass, with its distinctive seed head, is steadily travelling across the country even being seen along the Eyre Highway crossing the Nullarbor Plain. Once on a property it can spread easily on machinery and along irrigation channels.. [3] It has been found to be more persistent on poorer soil than other genetic varieties. Soc. Aust. All efforts to increase crop competition through crop and variety choice, narrower rows and stubble management will suppress FTR grass that might otherwise germinate as the temperature rise above 20 degrees C in spring. It forms small clumps of bluish-green stems and leaf blades between 5-25 cm long. This permit states that a fallow application must be applied to small weeds and followed with paraquat within 10 days. Alternatively, you could apply the product usingYates Zero Weeding Brush. [8]:1128 It is important to note however that both tetraploid and diploid varieties at the pre-flowering stage of growth have "adequate concentrations of nutrients". one of the best After-Sales Services in Africa & the Middle East. Hancock Seed harvests, produces & exports the highest quality seed. Click the link below to get your free quote started. J. Japan. Anim. Got questions? [5]:3 Diploid types of Chloris gayana in general show good frost tolerance, salt tolerance, and drought tolerance. Barnyard Grasses are a common weed of lawns, garden beds, crops and pastures, drains and waterways. It has a short awns or hair-like bristles (up to 50 mm) on the ends of its seeds. Our reputation is that of being Just be careful not to spray nearby lawns or plants as it may injure or kill them. Soils FAO, Rome, Italy, Ehrlich, W. K. ; Cowan, R. T. ; Lowe, K. F., 2003. Sign up for Hancock Seeds email service for exclusive offers and more! Technol., 70 (1): 79-95, Milford, R. ; Minson, D., 1968. In Mauritius,Chloris gayanagave the lowest growth rate in a comparison of 7 forages offered to growing rabbits as fresh forage in addition to a limited quantity of concentrate(Ramchurn, 1979). 166K views 7 years ago D.I.Y. [5]:1[5]:3 Katambora is meant for hay production because it is leafier, finer-stemmed, and produces better dry matter. Progressive Seeds Pty Ltd Generally not suitable for silage . Factors affecting the utilization of 'poor-quality' forages by ruminants particularly under tropical conditions. Univ. necessary quantity. J., 8 (3): 126-132, Ghl, B., 1982. Grassl. Traits such as its ability to grow in a wide range of environmental conditions, its drought-resistance and its ability to rapidly reproduce both by seeds and vegetatively have facilitated its escape from cultivation and subsequent naturalization. Found in open woodland and grassland, riverine and lake margins, and seasonally waterlogged plains . Due to its fast-growing nature, high drought tolerance and ease of seed dispersal, it has quickly become a major threat to our biodiversity by out-competing native species. However, too frequent cutting or grazing (say every 14 days) leads to production losses and stand decline. Aumont et al., 1991; Bwire et al., 2003; CIRAD, 1991; Dzowela et al., 1990; French, 1943; Hassan et al., 1979; Hassoun, 2009; Holm, 1971; Mbwile et al., 1997; Mlay et al., 2006; Shem et al., 1999; Singh et al., 1992; Tagari et al., 1977; Todd, 1956; Todd, 1956; Todd, 1956; Walker, 1975; Work, 1937, CIRAD, 1991; El-Hag et al., 1992; French, 1943; Gartner et al., 1975; Hassoun, 2009; Holm, 1971; Holm, 1971; Kategile et al., 1988; Kennedy et al., 1992; Mahgoub et al., 2005; Mandibaya et al., 1999; Milford et al., 1968; Minson, 1971; Mtenga et al., 1990; Mupangwa et al., 2000; Ondiek et al., 1999; Osuga et al., 2012; Rees et al., 1980; Richard et al., 1989; Shem et al., 1999; Todd, 1956, Blair Ralns, 1963; CIRAD, 1991; Hassoun, 2009, Heuz V., Tran G., Boudon A., Lebas F., 2016. What are the herbicide control options for feathertop Rhodes grass? Anim. For broadcasting, seed is best mixed with sawdust or fertiliser, and for drilling, it flows more readily if pelleted (coated). [3] Since this grass has good drought tolerance, it could also be beneficial to farmers for ensuring livestock are fed in times of drought. Once the weeds have died, dig out as many of the tubers and rhizomes as possible. Handbook of Energy Crops. [5]:2 The fact that this type of grass survives on little rainfall, can grow in low pH soils, and has a moderate tolerance to aluminum means that it may be beneficial to poor farmers in the sub-tropics. For. Chloris gayanais characterized by the particularly low nutritive value of the stems compared to the leaves (Mbwile et al., 1997a; Mero et al., 1997; Milford et al., 1968). 1988, 17, 330 333, Shimojo, M. ; Goto, I., 1990. It is tolerant of Li but not of Mn and Mg (Cook et al., 2005). However,Chloris gayanawas shown to outcompete summer weeds and has been considered helpful for controlling their development (Moore, 2006). Revista da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 20 (1): 53-56, Mbwile, R. P. ; Udn, P., 1997. Once established, C. gayana often grows to form almost pure stands that smother native species. Each spikelet in the raceme is a few millimeters long and contains one or two fertile florets and up to four sterile florets. When offered as the only feed,Chloris gayanadid not meet the maintenance requirements of rabbits, due to its poor energy digestibility (36%), low protein content (8% DM) and low protein digestibility (32%) (Raharjo et al., 1986). pap., Samaru (Nigeria), No. Did you find the information you were looking for? Nematode resistance in cultivar Katambora. Stn, 77-80. Rhodes grass seeds are about three-eighths-of-an-inch long with an average seeding rate at about 18 to 20 pounds/acre - either broadcast or shallow drilled. The asterisk * indicates that the average value was obtained by an equation. Compare. It prefers well-structured loams and clays of volcanic origin, but is not suited to very heavy clays. It is also useful for erosion control by virtue of its spreading growth habit. Adapted to a wide variety of soil types, it is only moderately tolerant to frost but tolerant to salinity. "[10]:38 Intercropping Chloris gayana with a food crop is a practical method farmers can use when it comes to sustainable agricultural development. Rhodes grass is a forage of highly variable composition. 1. Seed can germinate within seven days, depending on the temperature, and can cover the ground three months after sowing. Mengistu, A., 1985. It can carry about 1 4 beasts/ha depending on pasture productivity and size of animal. Rhodes Grass is a native warm-season perennial Bunchgrass, reaching height of 2 to 5 ft. and produces feathery seed heads, 1 to 2 in. Blair Rains, A., 1963. Selected Seeds identified the need to develop cultivars with quality attributes such as small stem size, high leaf to stem ratio, high yield, high salt tolerance and aggressive spreading habits. Maintenance fertiliser in length, which turn green and light brown at maturity. CSIRO, DPI&F(Qld), CIAT and ILRI, Brisbane, Australia, Cornell University, 2014. Heuz V., Tran G., Boudon A., Lebas F., 2016. Rhodes grass is known to be a selenium accumulator, and, when grown on selenium-rich soils, its selenium content can cause mortality or morbidity in livestock (NSWDPI, 2004). This document is SS-AGR-59, one of a series of the . Supplementation, when forage is of low quality, was recommended in order to sustain an average daily gain of 550 g/d (Abate et al., 1981). The flower spikes are green or purple and crowded along the tip of the stalk. per acre. Investigations into the chemical composition and nutritive value of certain forage plants at medium altitudes in the tropics I. [9] In addition to this, "growing cultivated forages, in association with food crops, can contribute to the improvement of the qualitative and quantitative supply of livestock feed. Will regrow quickly after frost in tropical locations. All are densely tufted annuals or short-lived perennials with dull hairy green stems and leaves that can grow up to 1 m. Brome grasses all look very similar, but their flower and seed heads differ slightly in colour and shape. Anim. Short answer: Physical removal of isolated plants, patch cultivation, burning and optical spray technology. In Tanzania, goats fed a low proteinChloris gayanahay (5.7-7.7% DM) were supplemented with concentrates containing between 10-18% DM protein. However, seleniferous plantsare not readily eaten by most animals due to their bitter taste and strong odour, and tend to be consumed only when other forage is sparse (Cornell University, 2014). 21-40, Leng, R. A., 1990. Annual Ryegrass is an easy to establish grass, bred to provide quick winter pastures and, with sufficient moisture, seeds will even germinate when broadcast on top of established lawns or pastures. As soon as favourable conditions occur in early spring, the grass resumes active growth and it provides full groundcover within 3 months of sowing (NSWDPI, 2004). The inflorescences are finely branched, with small ovoid flower spikelets (3mm long) which can be green, purplish or red. Mature plant height is two to four feet. Group A herbicides are registered for use in various summer and winter broadleaf crops and in fallow ahead of a mungbean crop (Permit 12941). Thats why we have been a successful supplier of efficient machines and high quality seeds to farms and investors in the Middle East and Africa for close to 30 years. For a glyphosate-free weedkiller that kills roots and all, spray weeds withYates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller Concentrate. B. ; Wanyoike, M. M., 1990. The digestibility and nutritive value of three grasses at different stages of growth. Hay harvested at a later stage of maturity has a low protein content and a high fibre content, particularly in the stems, and it should be supplemented when fed to ruminants with nutritional requirements higher than those necessary for maintenance. Feedipedia is encountering funding shortage. In Western Australia, Rhodes grass has become one of the most widely sown subtropical grasses since 2000 (Moore, 2006). Potential of the indigenous desert grasses of the Arabian Peninsula for forage production in a water-scarce region. It was introduced into India, Pakistan, Australia and the USA. It spreads readily by seed and runners. Promising tropical grasses and legumes as feed resources in Central Tanzania. Some of the issues surrounding growing buffalo grass from seed include: Lack of seeds available The nutritive value of Rhodes grass (, Cook, B. G.; Pengelly, B. C.; Brown, S. D.; Donnelly, J. L.; Eagles, D. A.; Franco, M. A. ; Hanson, J.; Mullen, B. F.; Partridge, I. J.; Peters, M.; Schultze-Kraft, R., 2005. Rhodes grass readily establishes and provides cover within 3 months of sowing (Moore, 2006). It is best in soils with pH between about 5.5 and 7.5, but will grow down to pH 4.5 (if available aluminium and manganese levels are low) and up to 10. Seeds can be broadcasted or shallow-drilled (5-10 mm depth) during fall. Can be found in garden beds, lawns, roadsides, near wetlands and coastal areas. Alternatively, if you prefer a weedkiller that is suitable for use in organic gardens, spray with Yates Nature's Way Organic Weed Killer. Some cultivars are tolerant of frost. Longer answer: Pre-harvest desiccation will allow earlier harvest, particularly in crops like canola that allow more light in toward the end of the season. There are various genetic varieties of Chloris gayana that exist like Katambora, Pioneer and Callide. It typically grows 1.5 m tall and wide, although some can grow to 3 m tall. Effect of different species and mixtures of pastures on milk production. If you have any questions feel free to conctact us below. Because Rhodes grass seeds are fluffy, they may need to be coated or mixed with a carrier to improve the flow through the seeder (Moore, 2006). Easily established. Prostrate cultivars are suitable for grazing and erect cultivars are adapted to hay (FAO, 2014; Quattrocchi, 2006; Cook et al., 2005; Duke, 1983; Ghl, 1982). Tropical forages. Reapply every 10-14 days if regrowth occurs. A first limitation of the nutritive value of matureChloris gayanahay is its low intake by livestock when compared to hays of other tropical grass species. Dry matter, protein, energy and fibre intake by dairy heifers grazing a Rhodes grass (, Artus, F. ; Champannet, F., 1989. Rhodes grass can grow in a variety of soil conditions. One of the reasons for Rhodes grass's popularity is its ability to adapt to a variety of climatic and soil conditions. Feel free to Contact us, How to grow Alfalfa under arid conditions, A full line of Forage & Hay equipment : for effective agriculture in Africa & the Middle East, ICS in Sudan : ICS, leading partner for investors in Sudan & CLAAS exclusive agent in Sudan, Proper soil structure for high-performance agriculture, Reclaimer Rhodes grass, the ICS ultimate variety choice, A complete range of agricultural machinery. Even one cent is helpful to us! At full seed, plant height can vary from about 2 feet in the cool season (short days) to about 6 feet in the summer (long days). with Andrew Storrie, Agronomist, Agronomo. Join the Yates Garden Community to receive personalised monthly emails, and hear about exclusive promotions and giveaways. talk to us Learn More Talk to Experts Itis grazed, cut for hay or used as deferred feed but it is not suitable for silage. Irrigation control is fundamental to profitable It is also cultivated in some areas as a palatable graze for animals and a groundcover to reduce erosion and quickly revegetate denuded soil. Milk production on grass pastures with and without nitrogen, continuously and rotationally grazed. As Brome Grasses spread by seeds, its important to prevent seed set and control early in the season with a suitable weedkiller. Establishment on acidic soils is difficult. Its leaves are long and wide, while the roots go deep, down to 4.5m. Tetraploids are generally more palatable due to increased sugar content. However, hay alone is unlikely to meet the nutritional requirements of productive ruminants and must, therefore, be supplemented (Mero et al., 1998;Mtenga et al., 1990; Mupangwa et al., 2000; Osuga et al., 2012). Light cultivation of a patch is a very viable option to stimulate germination and allow effective herbicide control of small plants. Spray when weeds are actively growing in spring and summer. Managing rhodes grass (, FAO, 2014. The stand should be maintained in a leafy condition by fairly regular cutting or grazing, since feeding value declines rapidly with onset of flowering. Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Tanzanian goats fed, Mupangwa, J. F. ; Ngongoni, N. T. ; Topps, J. H. ; Hamudikuwanda, H., 2000. Used as a pasture plant for both sheep and cattle. Many herbicide-tolerant pulse varieties are very specific in their tolerance to different active ingredients, even from the same mode of action group. Rhodes Grass is a native warm-season perennial Bunchgrass, reaching height of 2 to 5 ft. and produces feathery seed heads, 1 to 2 in. A.; Said, A. N.; Dzowela, B. H. Using it as a cover crop improves soil structure, water infiltration and water-holding capacity, and its development lowers soil temperature during summer (Valenzuela et al., 2002). It can be found in crops and pastures, grasslands, roadsides, gardens and parklands. They start off greenish to red-brown and as they mature, darken to brown or straw colour. Get in touch and well help you choose the right Rhodes grass for your production goals, 11 Grevillea Street, Pittsworth QLD Australia. Rhodes Grass grows well in sandy soils, and will tolerate soils that are slightly saline. Your input is very much appreciated. Breeder seed is maintained by USDA-NRCS, E. "Kika" de la Garza Plant . Exp. Here are some of the most common grass weeds found in Australia. Can also be under sown into maize. Data on DM degradability of feedstuffs. Feed Sci. In planting mixtures reduce the rate according to the percent of multiflower false Rhodes grass in the mixture. Sowing time Theyre also well adapted to low rainfall and because of their aggressive root systems, they can outcompete other crops and vegetation for water and nutrients. Seeding rates: New Lawns: 30 grams per square meter (3kg/100m2). Effect of supplementing Rhodes grass hay (, Parvin, S. ; Wang, C. ; Li, Y. ; Nishino, N., 2010. Once established, Rhodes Grass is extremely drought-tolerant, and does not tolerate cold temperatures. Cattle liveweight gains. Observe the area closely as this disturbance can cause new shoots to arise if there is any regrowth, treat as soon as possible. If you are spraying large areas of Rhodes Grass, you can mix in Yates Easy See Spray Dye so you can see exactly where you've sprayed. The supplement increased total feed intake, doubled the growth rate, and improved the feed conversion ratio and the lean+fat:bone ratio (Mtenga et al., 1990). Chloris gayana can be sown alone or in combination with various other grasses such as Paspalum dilatatum, Setaria sphacelata, Cenchrus ciliaris or slower growing cultivars of Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus) (Cook et al., 2005). $104.99. Share it with your friends so they can enjoy it too! Tetraploid types of Chloris gayana have a major characteristic in which they flower late in the season which means the feed quality is maintained longer[5]:3 It has also been determined that tetraploid varieties of Chloris gayana have "higher concentrations of nutrients". semi-arid zones, where good water It invades disturbed ground and is a weed of cultivation. Chloris gayana is a species of grass known by the common name Rhodes grass. Chloris gayana roots are able to extract water at a depth of 4.25 meters. The stems are semi-prostrate, which means they grow close to the ground and can produce roots and stems at the nodes (stoloniferous), making it an incredibly invasive weed. ability to handle repeated cutting or grazing over a number of years. Chloris gayanais a full sunlight species which does not grow well under shade (Ecocrop, 2014; FAO, 2014; Cook et al., 2005). Rhodes grass is a perennial or annual tropical grass. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, USA, Raharjo, Y.; Cheeke, P. R.; Patton, N. M.; Supriyati, K., 1986. Benefits from Chloris gayana can also be found in the plant's growth. Guinea Grass reproduces from seed, so it's best to treat early when plants are actively growing and flowering. Rhodes grass varXTozi Chloris gayana Finger grass, Kunth Graminaceae Description Rhodes grass (chlorisgayana)var XTozi is a leafy perennial and grows to a height of between 30150cm, depending on ecological zone, soil conditions and prevailing climatic conditions. Agric. [4] This too is important for being able to use this type of grass efficiently. Young growth is very palatable, particularly in Callide. Rhodes grass can be used as permanent pasture or a short- to medium-term pasture ley. (50) $26 .94. Longer answer: FTR grass invasion often begins with a few mother plants. Seed buried below a few centimetres of soil will not germinate and most will be non-viable in 12 months, even if another cultivation returned then to the soil surface. When to Plant: Recommended planting time is spring and summer when night time temperatures are consistently 65+ degrees. It can be sown from spring to early autumn. It forms tufts and can spread into wide monotypic stands. Footnotes. Rhodes grass is very tolerant of cutting or grazing. Bulk discounts automatically applied at checkout! We have been established for over 22 years and our core business over that time has mostly involved working to improve varieties of grasses to better meet the needs of our customers and their livestock. Rep. Hawaii agric. The seeds can germinate under dry conditions provided that the soil has residual moisture (NSWDPI, 2004). However, the evolution of milk production during the experiment was not reported, although the cows produced 8.7 kg milk/d at the beginning of the experiment (Mbwile et al., 1997b). Crude protein levels vary with age of regrowth and level of available soil nitrogen, from about 17% (on a DM basis) in very young leaf, to 3% in old leaves. Trop. What patch management methods do you recommend? For a more natural alternative to traditional weed control, spray weeds with Yates Zero Naturals Weed & Moss Killer - with active ingredients clove oil and acetic acid. and adapted to a large range of soil conditions and soil types. Rhodes grass cultivars are one of our key areas of excellence. Compare. In terms of grazing, Chloris gayana should be grazed when the weather is not appropriate for harvesting. III: Effect of feeding level on digestibility and voluntary intake of four grasses by sheep. To avoid overspray, when spraying keep the nozzle as close to the weed as possible. For the control of Nutgrass in the lawn and garden, spot-spray with Yates Zero Ultra Tough Ready-to-Use. It is cultivated in sown pastures in irrigated terraces (Quattrocchi, 2006; Cook et al., 2005). Cornell Univ., Dept. There are many things to consider when buying seed, and Hancocks staff is happy to help you find the perfect solution for your needs! GST. Plant: Tufted perennial grass 1 2m tall, spreading by looping runners forming new plants along the runners (stolons). Above average service is why our clients can rely on ICS as a long-term partner. It can grow in many types of habitat. Guinea Grass reproduces from seed, so its best to treat early when plants are actively growing and flowering. Flowers are reddish to purple flattened spikes and appear from summer to autumn. What can I do to control FTR grass that establishes under the crop? Annual winter legumes are favoured by heavily grazing the pasture in late summer. Short answer: FTR grass is naturally very tolerant of glyphosate and there are several cases of highly resistant populations. Once established, Rhodes Grass is extremely drought-tolerant, and does not tolerate cold temperatures. Investigations into the chemical composition and nutritive value of certain forage plants at medium altitudes in the tropics. Chloris gayanacan be vegetatively propagated or established from seeds. A different type of Chloris gayana are tetraploid types. rapid response to moisture and temperature. Each seed-head has several branches (5-10 cm long) that radiate from the same point. Seeds follow in spring to early summer and are 4-6 mm long and flat. In late spring to early autumn spray weeds with Yates Zero Triple Strike Garden Weedkiller Concentrate - it's glyphosate-free and kills weeds fast, roots and all. New food resources for rabbits in Mauritius. . The decrease in nutritive value is higher before the first cut compared to subsequent cuts, possibly because of the early flowering habit of the species (Mbwile et al., 1997b). Production potential Chloris gayana can be a good option for a farmer when it comes to trying to solve these problems. However, after the second cut, the effect of the stage of maturity on intake andin vivodigestibility was less important as these parameters remained high even with mature forage (Mbwile et al., 1997b). FTR grass is sensitive to crop competition. Grassland Index. Sci., 36 (2): 191-196, Shimojo, M. ; Goto, I., 1990. [4] Its ideal soil would be anything greater than a 4.3 pH level in terms of acidity. Rhodes Grass should not be grazed the first year, but once established can support rotational or continuous grazing. There are also products from Nufarm and CropCare registered for application with an optical sprayer. Rhodes Grass can produce forage for livestock and wildlife, and provide nesting cover for game birds. Frost Tolerant; Shade Tolerant; 4 Seasons; Quick view View Product; RTF Tall Fescue Seed $ 44.40 - $ 437.70 incl. Studies at and in association with the Rowett Research Organization, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, UK. In warmer climates, their growth can be restricted. Just be careful not to spray nearby lawns or plants as it may injure or kill them. Grass weeds grow easily in Australia's climate and spread quickly making them difficult to control. Were here to help make winning the battle against crop weeds simple. Bermuda Couch Grass Seed $ 51.90 - $ 634.00 incl. In Australia, it has been mixed withbutterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) for revegetation purpose (Cook et al., 2005). Rhodes grass is a perennial or annual tropical grass, leafy, approximately 1-2m in height, and highly variable in habit. https://www.feedipedia.org/node/480 Last updated on April 15, 2016, 14:23, Feedipedia - Animal Feed Resources Information System - INRAE CIRAD AFZ and FAO 2012-2022 | Copyright | Disclaimer | Login | Logout, Tables of chemical composition and nutritional value, English correction by Tim Smith (Animal Science consultant) and Hlne Thiollet (AFZ). *Product packaging may appear different than what is pictured. FTR grass is an annual plant that flowers within three to four weeks of germinating and will keep tillering and producing seed while soil moisture is available, he says. Ecocrop database. It makes good hay if cut at or just before early flowering, and provides better standover feed than buffel grass or the panics. Field evaluation of seven grasses for use in the revegetation of lands disturbed by coal mining in Central Queensland. The highest recorded yield is about 30-40 t DM/ha while the average yield is in the 10-16 t DM/ha range (Ecocrop, 2014;Murphy, 2010). An application of paraquat + amitrole soon after an early harvest can provide good control and be followed with a residual herbicide, such as Balance applied ahead of a chickpea crop, to extend the control into the summer months. 1982, 104. Effect of various bale treatments on physical quality and chemical composition of rhodes grass (, Harwood, M. R. ; Hacker, J. In: Pturages et alimentation des ruminants en zone tropicale humide, 65-76. GST. "Katambora" is an important genetic variety that originates from Zimbabwe.
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